Product Description
Project Report on Papain Industry
A common enzyme known as papain is obtained from the green papaya (pawpaw) fruit. Enzymes are proteins that can increase the rate of biological changes such as the ripening of fruit. At the end of an enzyme catalysed reaction the enzyme itself is unchanged and is able to react again. Enzymes can be generally recognized by the ending -ase. This either indicates the nature of the substance affected by the enzyme (e.g. carbohydrase acts on carbohydrate material and proteases acts on proteins) or to indicate the nature of the reaction e.g. transferases catalyse the transfer of atoms or groups of atoms within a substance. Enzymes occur naturally in foods and many traditional food processing technologies involve the use of enzymes. Today, with more advanced knowledge of food science these enzymes can be extracted, concentrated and added to foods during processing (e.g. meat tenderizers). Table 1 describes some of the traditional technologies and the enzymes involved. It is worthwhile noting that only relatively recently has a detailed understanding of the enzyme-catalysed reactions involved in these food processing technologies become known. One important group of enzymes are called proteases. These are enzymes which catalyse the breakdown of proteins. Chillproofing of beer, see Table 1, tenderisation of meat and the production of dough for pizzas and batters for waffles and wafers are applications of proteases in the food processing industry. The most common of these proteases is papain.
Contents of the Project Reports
Introduction
Uses and Applications
Properties
Market Position
Present Manufacturers
Detailed Process of Manufacture
Formulations
B.I.S. Specifications
Process Flow Sheet Diagram, Plant Layout,
Cost Economics with Profitability Analysis
Capacity
Land & Building Requirements with Rates
List & Details of Plant and Machinery with their Costs
Raw Materials Details/List and Costs
Power & Water Requirements
Labour/Staff Requirements
Utilities and Overheads
Total Capital Investment
Turnover
Cost of Production
Break Even Point
Profitability
Land Man Ratio
Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Raw Materials
Cash Flow Statement
Repayment Schedule
Interest Chart
Depreciation Chart
Projected Balance Sheet for 5 Years etc.