Project Report on Ferric And Non Ferric Alum

Alum are represented by the general formula R 1/2 SO4, R2"(SO4)3.24.H2O. Where R and R"are respectively monovalent and trivalent radicals. They are usually the double salts of ammonium, potassium or sodium sulphate with aluminum. Chromium or iron sulphate, and are readily prepared y by concentrating and cooling a solution containing molecular proportions of the Component Sulphate. Ferric and Non Ferric Alum is marketed in various grades. The cheapest grade called "alum cake". Potash alum also known as alum alumen. Ferric alumin is aluminum sulphate containing iron obtained from the bauxite ore. Potash alum is prepared from its naturally occurring minerals such as alunite and Ratinite, but in India these do not occur in appreciable quantities. Alum was formerly prepared from alum shales by roasting them in year and leaching it out with water. Alum is now produced in India by crystallizing together equivalent produced in India by Crystallizing together equivalent proportion of potassium sulphate and aluminiu  sulphate. The solution is concentrated and the crystals are separated out are melted to yield lump alum or recrystalized to obtain large crystals. Aluminum Sulphate is covered by three different grade specifications, namely, technical, pure and  analytical reagent grade.